Is it safe to park or idle heavy hydraulic equipment with the boom extended, and does it harm the hydraulic system?

Parking or idling extended heavy hydraulic machines with the boom is usually discouraged for safety and mechanical reasons. Here's why:

1. Safety Hazards
Instability: An extended boom raises the center of gravity, making tipping more likely, particularly on rough terrain or windy conditions.
Unintended Movement: Hydraulic leakage, loss of pressure, or accidental activation may result in an unexpected lowering of the boom, creating a danger to individuals and surrounding objects.
Worn-Out Seals: When the boom is not retracted regularly, pressure over time can leak out slowly, and the unintended motion may result in damage.

2. Harm to the Hydraulic System
Drift of Cylinders: Hydraulic cylinders internally leak over some time, and fluid bypasses seals, which in turn lowers the boom slowly, stressing the system and causing undue wear.
Seal and Hose Strain: Long cylinders place seals in continuous pressure, potentially speeding wear, particularly under cold temperatures where rubber becomes hardened.
Heat Buildup: Extended-boom idling can hold hydraulic pressure at elevated levels, making fluid hotter and breaking down quicker.

Best Practices

Retract the Boom When Possible: This minimizes stress on hydraulic components and makes the machine less prone to being off-balance.
Use Boom Locks or Supports: If parking with the boom up is unavoidable, use mechanical locks or safety props to hold it in place and avoid unintended movement.
Lower Attachments to the Ground: Always set buckets, arms, or forks on the ground to reduce hydraulic pressure and improve safety.
Although sporadic short-term idling with a long boom won't immediately lead to damage, consistent long-term behavior of idling can accelerate wear and risk. Always adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations for shutdown and parking procedures.